API 65 : 2002 : INC : ERR 1 : 2003

CEMENTING SHALLOW WATER FLOW ZONES IN DEEPWATER WELLS

American Petroleum Institute

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1 SCOPE
   1.1 Flows
   1.2 Hazards
   1.3 Best Practices
2 REFERENCES
3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
4 SITE SELECTION
5 DRILLING
6 FLOW CONTROL AND SEVERITY
   6.1 Flow Control
   6.2 Flow Severity
7 FLUID PROPERTIES
   7.1 General
   7.2 Sacrificial or Cut Mud
   7.3 Pad Mud (Fluid left in hole prior to cementing)
   7.4 Settable Fluids
   7.5 Rat Hole Fluid
8 WELLBORE PREPARATION AND CONDITIONING
   8.1 General
   8.2 Well Preparation
   8.3 Lost Circulation
9 OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES AND GOOD CEMENTING PRACTICES
   9.1 General
   9.2 Casing Hardware/Equipment
   9.3 Pipe Movement
10 MUD REMOVAL AND PLACEMENT TECHNIQUE
   10.1 General
   10.2 Displacement Optimization
   10.3 Spacers/Flushes/Sweeps
   10.4 Pumping Schedules/Simulations
11 CEMENT SLURRY DESIGN
   11.1 General
   11.2 Base Cement Compositions
   11.3 Cement Formulation and Properties
   11.4 Cement Density
   11.5 Cement Volumes
   11.6 Laboratory testing and results
   11.7 Temperature Determination
12 PRE-JOB PREPARATIONS
13 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT
14 CEMENT JOB EXECUTION
   14.1 Cement mixing and displacement parameters
   14.2 Data Acquisition
   14.3 On-Site Fluids Testing
15 ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS AND PROCEDURES
   15.1 Cementing with a Riser Installed
   15.2 Contingency Planning
16 POST CEMENTING OPERATIONS
   16.1 Post-Job Analysis
   16.2 Annular Sealing
   16.3 Clean-out/removal of excess cement
   16.4 Waiting-on-Cement (WOC) Time
   16.5 Pressure Testing Casing Shoes/Formation
17 REMEDIATION OF FLOWS
18 BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX A - SHALLOW WATER FLOW INTERPRETATION GUIDE
APPENDIX B - DRILLING PRACTICES TO REDUCE RISK OF SHALLOW
             WATER FLOWS
APPENDIX C - PROCESS FOR SUCCESSFULLY CEMENTING CASING
             HAVING SHALLOW WATER FLOW POTENTIAL
APPENDIX D - FOAMED CEMENT INFORMATION
APPENDIX E - PRE-JOB PREPARATIONS
APPENDIX F - CEMENTING MATRIX
APPENDIX G - MECHANICAL ISOLATION