MEASURING THE LONG-TERM CONDUCTIVITY OF PROPPANTS
American Petroleum Institute
API Foreword
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative reference
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviations
5 Procedures for evaluating long-term proppant pack conductivity
5.1 Objective
5.2 Discussion
6 Reagents and materials
6.1 Test fluid
6.2 Sandstone
7 Long-term conductivity test apparatus
7.1 Test unit
7.2 Hydraulic load frame
7.3 Pack width measurement device(s)
7.4 Test fluid drive system
7.5 Differential pressure transducers
7.6 Back-pressure regulators
7.7 Balance
7.8 Oxygen removal
7.9 Temperature control
7.10 Silica saturation and monitoring
8 Equipment calibration
8.1 Pressure indicators and flow rates
8.2 Zero pack width measurement
8.3 Determination of cell width
8.4 Hydraulic load frame
9 Leak tests
9.1 Hydraulic load frame
9.2 Test fluid system
10 Procedure for loading the cells
10.1 Preparation of the test unit
10.2 Cell setup
11 Loading cell(s) in the press
12 Acquiring data
13 Calculation of permeability and conductivity
14 Data reporting
Annex A (informative) - Conversion factors
Annex B (normative) - Silica-saturation vessel setup
Annex C (informative) - Figures
Bibliography
Describes standard testing procedures for evaluating proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations.
| Document Type | Standard |
| Status | Current |
| Publisher | American Petroleum Institute |
| ProductNote | Reconfirmed 2015 |
