API 1593 : 1992

GASOLINE MARKETING IN THE UNITED STATES TODAY

American Petroleum Institute

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I Introduction
II Motor fuel consumption
III Gasoline consumption
IV The U.S. motor fuel distribution system:
      configuration and geography
V Gasoline market participants, facilities,
      institutions
VI The U.S. gasoline pricing system
VII Motor gasoline prices and taxes
VIII The number and configurations of retail gasoline
      outlets
IX Employment and productivity in the retail gasoline
      distribution industry
X Environmental challenges and responsibilities
Endnotes
List of Tables
Table
2-1 Motor fuel consumption by State, 1980
2-2 Motor fuel consumption by State, 1990
6-1 Key gasoline prices by stage of distribution, 1990
7-1 Approximate major components of gasoline prices,
      1990
7-2 State and federal gasoline taxes as of April 1992
7-3 Motor gasoline taxes in some key metropolitan
      areas as of July 1991
8-1 The number of retail gasoline outlets by data
      source, 1977 and 1987
8-2 Total number of retail gasoline outlets by data
      source, 1977 and 1987
8-3 Percentage change in retail gasoline outlets
      between 1977 and 1987
8-4 Average monthly gallonage for major type of retail
      outlets by region, 1985 and 1990
8-5 The percentage change in the volume of gasoline
      pumped by major type of retail outlet by region,
      1985-1990
10-1 Cities affected by Clean Air Act Stage II
      requirements
10-2 Estimates of Stage II costs by service station
      size
10-3 Estimated non-attainment area gasoline markets
      affected by Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990
10-4 A summary of new and potential federal
      environmental costs to the marketing sector of the
      petroleum industry
Figures
II-1 Yield from a barrel of oil and relative shares
        of motor fuel consumption, 1990
II-2 Motor fuel use by State, 1980
II-3 Motor fuel use by State, 1990
III-1 Motor gasoline consumption, 1962-1990
III-2 Monthly gasoline consumption, January 1985 -
        December 1990
III-3 Regional motor gasoline grade shares, 1985 and
        1990
III-4 Unleaded gasoline use by State, 1975 and 1980
III-5 Unleaded regular gasoline use by State, 1985 and
        1990
III-6 Premium gasoline use by State, 1985 and 1990
III-7 Consumption of leaded and unleaded motor
        gasoline, 1975-1990
III-8 Self service motorist gasoline market share by
        State, 1991
III-9 Self service motorist gasoline market share,
        1977-1991
IV-1 Gasoline distribution system
IV-2 Movements of finished motor gasoline by
        Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts
        during 1990
IV-3 Relative shares of petroleum products
        transported by mode, 1990
V-1 Gasoline distribution system
V-2 Distribution channels for major companies and
        marketers (1989)
VI-1 Simplified schematic outline of key crude oil
        and gasoline prices
VI-2 DTW, Rack, and New York spot market prices for
        regular unleaded gasoline, January-July 1990
VI-3 Refiner average wholesale prices for gasoline,
        and refiner crude oil acquisition costs,
        November '85 - October '91
VII-1 Approximate major cost components of gasoline
        prices, 1990
VII-2 Price spread between refiner crude oil
        acquisition costs and retail motor gasoline
        prices, (net of taxes), 1981-1991
VII-3 State and Federal motor gasoline taxes as of
        April 1992
VII-4 Chicago's gasoline taxes
VII-5 Retail motor gasoline taxes, 1920-1991
VII-6 U.S. pump prices and net of tax gasoline prices,
        1920-1991
VII-7 Consumer price index for all urban consumers,
        selected detailed expenditure categories, U.S.
        city average, November 1991
VII-8 Consumer cost of motor gasoline per mile
        traveled, 1947-1991
VII-9 International retail prices for gasoline
VIII-1 Number of retail gasoline outlets, 1977 and 1987
VIII-2 Number of retail gasoline outlets by State, 1977
        and 1987
VIII-3 Average monthly gallonage for major types of
        retail outlets by region, 1985 and 1990
VIII-4 The percentage share of the volume of gasoline
        pumped by major type of retail outlet by region,
        1985 and 1990
VIII-5 Where consumers get commercial tuneups, 1985 and
        1990
IX-1 Employment in wholesale distribution of
        petroleum products and gasoline service stations
        by State, January 1, 1990
IX-2 Gasoline service station output per hour, 1963-
        1989

Abstract

Examines gasoline distribution, sales characteristics, and marketing origins and evolutions. Includes information on wholesale and retail distribution, ownership and operation characteristics, productivity of distribution facilities, retail outlets, construction and deactivation of service stations, sales statistics, types of service at retail gasoline outlets, market shares, speed of service to motorists and retailing by convenience stores.