API 58 : 1995

RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR TESTING SAND USED IN GRAVEL PACKING OPERATIONS

American Petroleum Institute

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1 Scope
2 References
2.1 Standards
2.2 Other references
3 Recommended sand sampling procedure
3.1 Description
3.2 Equipment
3.3 Recommended number of samples
3.4 Sampling (bulk material)
3.5 Sampling (sacked material)
4 Recommended sand samples handling and storage
4.1 Sample reduction (sacked material)
4.2 Sample splitting
4.3 Sample retention and storage
5 Recommended gravel packing sand sieve analysis
5.1 Sieve analysis
5.2 Recommended gravel packing sand size
6 Gravel packing sand sphericity and roundness
6.1 General
6.2 Sphericity
6.3 Roundness
6.4 Recommended sphericity and roundness
6.5 Sand grain clusters
6.6 Alternative method for determining average
     sphericity and roundness
7 Evaluation of sand solubility in acid
7.1 Description
7.2 Acid solubility test equipment and materials
7.3 Acid solubility test procedure
7.4 Recommended maximum acid solubility
8 Recommended silt and clay tests
8.1 Method I: Turbidity measurement of silt- and clay-
     size particulate matter
8.2 Method II: Field on-site turbidity test
8.3 Method III: Centrifugal measurement of clay and
     soft particle content
9 Recommended gravel packing sand crush resistance
     test
9.1 General
9.2 Equipment and materials
9.3 Recommended test procedure
9.4 Suggested maximum fines
Figures
1 - Example box sampling device
2 - Example sample reducer equipment
3 - Example sample splitter equipment
4 - Testing sieve shaker and nest of six U.S.A. sieves
    plus pan
5 - Chart for visual estimates of sphericity and roundness
6 - Example prescription bottle
7 - Example test cell gravel packing sand crush resistance
    test
Table
1 - Recognized gravel packing sand sizes

Abstract

Specifies procedures and equipment that can best be used in testing and evaluating sand used in gravel packing operations. The objective of the recommended tests is to improve the quality of gravel packing sand delivered to the well site.