API 935 : 1999

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT STUDY OF REFRACTORY CASTABLES

American Petroleum Institute

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1 Executive Summary
2 Introduction
3 Test Methods
3.1 Water Calorimeter
3.2 Calorimeter
3.3 Hot Wire C 1113-90
3.4 Comparative Thermal Conductivity Tester
3.5 Furnace Panel
4 Materials
5 Sampler Preparation
6 Data
7 Conclusions
7.1 Different Procedures Yield
    Different Results
7.2 Ascending Thermal Conductivity
    Curves Differ from Descending
    Thermal Conductivity Curves
8 Recommendations
Appendix Athermo-Gravimetric Analyses
Figures
A-1 Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA)
      Cement Bonded Castable
A-2A Dense (135 - 140 Ib/ft3) Erosion-Resistant
      Castable Ascending Thermal Activity
A-2B Dense (135 - 140 Ib/ft3) Erosion-Resistant
      Castable, Descending Thermal Conductivity
A-3A Dense (165 Ib/ft3) Extreme Erosion-Resistant
      Castable Ascending Thermal Conductivity
A-3B Dense (165 Ib/ft3) Extreme Erosion-Resistant
      Castable Descending Thermal Conductivity
A-4A Fused Silica Castable, Ascending Thermal
      Conductivity
A-4B Fused Silica Castable, Descending Thermal
      Conductivity
A-5A Lightweight (55 - 60Ib/ft3) Insulating Castable
      Ascending Thermal Conductivity
A-5B Lightweight (55 - 60 Ib/ft3) Insulating Castable
      Descending Thermal Conductivity
A-6A Medium Weight (70 - 85 Ib/ft£3) Insulating Castable
      Ascending Thermal Conductivity
A-6B Medium Weight (70 - 85 Ib/ft3) Insulating Castable
      Descending Thermal Conductivity
A-7A Moderate Density (100-120 Ib/ft3) Moderate Erosion-
      Resistant, Castable Ascending Thermal Conductivity
A-7B Moderate Density (100-120 Ib/ft3) Moderate Erosion-
      Resistant Castable Descending Thermal Conductivity
TABLES
A-1 Thermal Conductivity Dense (135 - 140 Ib/ft3)
      Erosion-Resistant Castable Btu in/hr ft2 degrees F
A-2 Thermal Conductivity Dense (165 Ib/ft3) Extreme
      Erosion-Resistant Castable Btu in/hr ft2 degrees F
A-3 Thermal Conductivity Fused Silica Castable
      Btu in/hr ft2 degree F
A-4 Thermal Conductivity Lightweight (55- 60 Ib/ft3)
      Castable Btu in/hr ft2 degrees F
A-5 Thermal Conductivity Medium Weight (70 - 85 Ib/ft3)
      Insulating Castable
A-6 Thermal Conductivity Moderate Density/Erosion
      Resistant Castable (110 Ib/ft3) Btu in/hr ft2
      degrees F

Abstract

A study to compare the thermal conductivity developed by different measurement techniques and assess the relationship between ascending and descending data. Evaluates six products in six laboratories with five measurement techniques. The castable products were chosen to represent a specific category, including: moderate, medium weight and light weight erosion resistant, dense, dense-extreme erosion resistant, and fused castables.